Hypercalciuria and febrile convulsion in children under 5 years old / 소아과

PURPOSE: The association between hypercalciuria and febrile convulsion is controversial. The present study aimed to investigate the statistical association between hypercalciuria and childhood febrile convulsions. METHODS: Overall, 160 children aged 6 months to 5 years, including 80 children with febrile convulsion and 80 febrile children without convulsion (comparison group), were recruited. All laboratory tests, including 24-hour urine calcium, were undertaken in an academic clinical laboratory. RESULTS: Forty-five children of the febrile convulsion group (60%) and 30 of the comparison group (40%) had hypercalciuria. There was a significant difference between the 2 groups (P=0.02). CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that there is a statistical association between convulsion and hypercalciuria in children. Since we found this association with a cross-sectional assessment, further studies, especially prospective and controlled designs, are needed.

Evaluation of the survival rate and its related factors in patients with leukemia in Kurdistan Province

Background and Aim: In recent decades, the survival rates of the children with cancer have improved significantly and their five-year survival rates have reached 80 percent, but there are still many concerns about the survival of adolescents and young people

Methods and Materials: In this retrospective study, the data of 310 children and adults with leukemia in Kurdistan Province were extracted from their medical records. Univariate and multivariate survival analysis were performed through calculating hazard ratios using Cox relative risk model. Data analysis was carried out using Stata 12 software

Results: This study included 201 adults with mean age of 50.8 years and 109 children with mean age of 5.2 years. The frequency of AML was higher in the adults [30.8 percent], while the frequency of ALL cases was higher in the children [86.2 percent]. The respective one-year and five-year survival rates, were 94.4 percent and 49.5 percent in the adults, and 92.6 percent and 83 percent in the children. The hazard ratios [HR] were 5.18 [95 percent CI: 2.60-13] in the adults with ALL and 4.11 [95 percent CI: 1.55-10.4] in the adults with AML, and 2.78 [95 percent CI: 1.05-7.37] in the patients with CML. Based on the results of multivariate analysis, the rate of mortality in children with ALL was lower [HR=0.26, 95 percent CI: 0.08-0.77]

Conclusion: Timely diagnosis and provision of treatment services for the patients are recommended. Considering the high rate of survival in the patients with ALL especially in children, we recommend provision of appropriate treatment facilities and palliative care services, similar to those in other countries, for the patients with different types of leukemia with high rates of mortality

Association of two polymorphic codons in P53 and ABCC1 promoter with prostate cancer

Background: in prostate cancer, mutated p53 alleles typically contain missense single-base substitution in codon 72 that resides within exons 5-8. Stable p53 proteins in tumor cell nuclei have been associated with malignancy. A role of p53 is the regulation of drug transporters like ABCC1 [MRP1] by an effect on promoter region

Objectives: the objective of this study was to identify association of mutations of p53 at codon 72 and 282 and promoter region of ABCC1 with increased risks of prostate cancer

Materials and Methods: formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded malignant tissues of 45 patients and 45 control samples were evaluated. PCR-RFLP using BstUI for codon 72 and HpaII restriction enzyme for codon 282 p53 gene, and G-1666A promoter region of ABCC1 gene was performed. To assess the frequency of these mutations and to detect new mutations in cancerous samples, PCR-SSCP analysis was performed

Results: the frequencies of CC, GC and GG genotypes of codon 72 of p53 were 33.33%, 46.67% and 20.00% in patients with cancer and 15.56%, 48.89% and 35.55% in controls, respectively. The relative allele frequencies of ABCC1 promoter polymorphism were 60.00% A and 40.00% G in patients as opposed to 37.78% for A and 62.22% for G in controls. Genotypic frequencies of p53 codon 72 and G1666A of ABCC1 in patients vs. Controls were statistically significant[p<0.05]. The study of these samples with PCR-SSCP displayed some new banding patterns

Conclusions: the present findings suggest that CC homozygosity in codon 72 of p53 gene and AA genotype in G-1666A of ABCC1 gene may play a role in combination in prostate cancer and increased susceptibility for this malignancy in the Iranian Kurdish population

First presentation of a case of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis with spontaneous pneumothorax

Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis [PAM] is a rare disease of unknown origin. It is characterized by the presence of small calculi within the alveolar spaces, and has various clinical manifestations. Some patients may be asymptomatic for a long period of time with subsequent occurrence of dyspnea, dry cough, chest pain, and eventually, respiratory failure. Recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax episodes are a late complication of the disease. We report the case of an alveolar microlithiasis episode in a 42-year-old male, admitted to Tohid Hospital, Iran, whose first clinical presentation was symptoms of pneumothorax. He was admitted with sudden onset dyspnea and right-sided pleuretic chest pain. Following treatment of pneumothorax after chest tube placement, the pulmonary function revealed normal indices, and chest radiograph demonstrated diffuse confluence of dense micronodular infiltrate. High-resolution computerized tomography scan showed diffuse ground glass attenuation and calcifications along the interlobular septa and subpleural regions. Transbronchial lung biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of PAM

[Evaluating the expression of Oct-4, NANOG, Sox2 and nucleostemin in colon cancer cell lines [Caco-2 and HT-29]]

Evaluating the expression of Oct-4, NANOG, Sox2 and Nucleostemin in colon cancer cell lines [Caco-2 and HT-29]. Caco-2 and HT-29 human colon cancer cell lines were cultured in Dulbecco's modified eagles medium [DMEM] and Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium [RPMI] respectively, containing 10% fetal bovin serum [FBS] with 1% peniciline and streptomycinen in 37°, 5% CO2 incubator. Total RNA was isolated using the ISOGEN method. RNA integrity was checked with the use of agarose gel electrophoresis and spectrophotometry. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR] was used to examin the samples. The expression of Oct-4 and Nucleostemin at the protein level was further determined using immunocytochemistry. RT-PCR analysis of Caco2 and HT-29 colon cancer cell lines showed expression of Oct-4, NANOG, Sox2 and Nucleostemin genes. Also immunocytochemical analysis confirmed the cytoplasmic and nuclear expression of the Oct-4 protein and Nucleostemin proteins. Collectively, our data confirmed the expression of Oct-4, NANOG, Sox2 and Nucleostemin in colon cancer cells and suggested that their expression can be used as potential tumor markers in diagnosis and /or prognosis of colon tumors. These results confirm the potential value of the cancer stem-cell theory in cancer therapy

[Report of a case: Kimura disease]

Kimura is a rare disease that its etiology is not defined exactly. Immunologic and allergic responses are the probable cause of disease. Kimura is most often reported mostly in Asian men. Kimura is presented by subcutaneous nodule or multiple nodules in head and neck region. This Disease is benign. The Kimura disease is rare and until 1994 about 120 were reported. In our literature research one documented case was reported in Iran. Treatment of disease include surgery, corticosteroid and cyclosporine. The presented case was a 36 years old man with right parotid gland and submentum lymph nodes enlargement. Excision of mass was done and Kimura was documented by pathological examination. Recurrence of disease was happened and treatment was done by cyclosporine, prednisolon and cetirizine. Kimura is a very rare disease that may be mistaken with malignancy. Therapy includes surgical excision and medical treatment. Correct diagnosis of disease can prevent radical surgery

Rectal and appendiceal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors are neoplasms characterized by spindle cell proliferation and a fiboinflammatory vascular stroma. Herein, we presented the successful treatment of a rectal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in an 11-year-old boy who presented with diarrhea and abdominal pain of 11/2 months duration and an appendiceal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in a 29-year-old man presented with recurrent abdominal pain of two months duration with associated tenderness and rebound tenderness in the right lower abdomen. Histologically, our cases had inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors very similar to that of other sites; the spindle cells were positive for vimentin and muscle-specific actin